Prognostic value of circulating plasma cell in newly diagnosed multiple myeloma treated with bortezomib, lenalidomide, and dexamethasone
若茹 刘, 叶 姚, 媛媛 金, 露 刘, 青林 史, 旭星 沈, 丽娟 陈

TL;DR
This study shows that high levels of circulating plasma cells in newly diagnosed multiple myeloma patients are linked to worse outcomes.
Contribution
The study identifies circulating plasma cell levels as an independent prognostic factor in multiple myeloma patients treated with VRD.
Findings
Higher CPC levels correlate with shorter progression-free and overall survival in NDMM patients.
CPC negativity is associated with significantly better survival outcomes.
CPC levels are an independent prognostic factor alongside cytogenetic risk.
Abstract
探讨循环浆细胞(CPC)在接受VRD方案(硼替佐米+来那度胺+地塞米松)诱导治疗的初诊多发性骨髓瘤(NDMM)患者中的预后价值。 回顾性分析2019年1月至2024年3月在江苏省人民医院血液科接受VRD方案诱导治疗的152例NDMM患者的临床资料,比较CPC比例高、低组患者的临床特征、疗效及预后。分析CPC阳性组、CPC转阴组和CPC阴性组患者的预后。 本研究共纳入NDMM患者152例,其中男76例,女76例,中位发病年龄62(40~77)岁。与CPC比例<0.105%组相比,CPC比例≥0.105%组患者的ISS分期Ⅲ期比例(P<0.001)、R-ISS分期Ⅲ期比例(P=0.023)、HGB≤100 g/L比例(P=0.015)、β2-微球蛋白≥3.5 g/L比例(P<0.001)较高,中位无进展生存(PFS)期(24个月对52个月,P<0.001)及中位总生存(OS)期(52个月对未达到,P=0.005)较短。CPC阴性组患者较CPC转阴组、CPC阳性组患者有更长的中位PFS期(未达到对41个月对19个月,P<0.001)和中位OS期(未达到对未达到对26个月,P<0.001)。多因素分析显示,影响患者PFS的独立危险因素包括CPC比例≥0.105%(HR=3.79,95%CI:1.95~7.38,P<0.001)、诱导治疗后CPC阳性(HR=3.54,95%CI:1.41~8.87,P=0.007)和细胞遗传学高危(HR=3.69,95%CI:1.85~7.37,P<0.001),影响患者OS的独立危险因素包括CPC比例≥0.105%(HR=3.50,95%CI:1.29~9.48,P=0.014)和诱导治疗后CPC阳性(HR=4.12,95%CI:1.13~15.03,P=0.032)。 CPC高表达的NDMM患者预后较差,CPC水平是NDMM患者的独立预后因素。
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