Benign Leydig cell tumor presenting in a solitary testis with cryptorchidism: A case report

TL;DR

A rare case of a non-cancerous Leydig cell tumor in a man with a single, undescended testis was successfully treated with surgery that preserved testicular function.

Contribution

This case highlights the effectiveness of testis-sparing surgery for benign Leydig cell tumors in cryptorchid testes.

Findings

A 52-year-old man with a history of cryptorchidism was diagnosed with a benign Leydig cell tumor.

Partial orchiectomy preserved testicular function and ensured no recurrence.

Histopathology and immunohistochemistry confirmed the benign nature of the tumor.

Abstract

Leydig cell tumors (LCTs) are uncommon testicular neoplasms, accounting for 1–3 % of cases. While most are benign, a small subset demonstrates malignant potential, making accurate diagnosis and tailored management essential. We report the case of a 52-year-old man with a history of cryptorchidism and prior orchiectomy who presented with inguinal pain and infertility. Imaging revealed a solitary testis with a small intratesticular lesion. Intraoperative frozen section suggested a Leydig cell tumor, and partial orchiectomy was performed. Final pathology confirmed a benign LCT. The patient remains recurrence-free at follow-up, highlighting the role of testis-sparing surgery in selected cases.

•Rare case of benign Leydig cell tumor in a solitary, cryptorchid testis.•Left partial orchiectomy performed with hernia repair and testis repositioning.•Histopathology and immunohistochemistry confirmed benign Leydig cell tumor.•Testis-sparing surgery ensured hormonal preservation and recurrence-free follow-up.

Rare case of benign Leydig cell tumor in a solitary, cryptorchid testis.

Left partial orchiectomy performed with hernia repair and testis repositioning.

Histopathology and immunohistochemistry confirmed benign Leydig cell tumor.

Testis-sparing surgery ensured hormonal preservation and recurrence-free follow-up.

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