Follow-up of patients with myocardial ischemia without obstructive coronary lesions

TL;DR

This study tracks patients with heart issues but no major artery blockages, finding that those with diabetes, heart disease family history, or kidney disease had worse outcomes.

Contribution

The study provides insights into the long-term outcomes of patients with non-obstructive coronary lesions and identifies risk factors for adverse events.

Findings

80% cardiovascular event-free survival was observed over three years.

Heart failure was the leading cause of re-hospitalization.

Diabetes, family history of heart disease, and kidney disease were linked to higher event rates.

Abstract

The presence of coronary lesions of less than 50% in patients with myocardial ischaemia is a common diagnosis in cardiac catheterisation laboratories. The aim of this study was to determine the clinical course of patients with myocardial ischaemia in the absence of obstructive coronary lesions.

A prospective analytical study was conducted in 110 patients of both sexes with documented myocardial ischaemia and coronary lesions of less than 50% on coronary angiography. The follow-up period was three years.

The mean age was 64.5 ± 7.2 years, with a predominance of females (57%). The most prevalent risk factors were hypertension (58.2%) and dyslipidaemia (44.5%). In 8.3% of cases, re-hospitalisation was required, with heart failure reported as the leading cause (6.5%). Cardiovascular event-free survival during follow-up was 80%, and was higher in patients without coronary lesions. A higher incidence of cardiovascular events was associated with diabetes mellitus, a family history of ischaemic heart disease, and chronic kidney disease.

Patients with myocardial ischaemia in the absence of obstructive coronary lesions experienced adverse events during follow-up, particularly those with diabetes mellitus, a family history of ischaemic heart disease, and chronic kidney disease.

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