Two Cases of Painful Thyroiditis With Subsequent Hypothyroidism Following Cord Blood Transplant

TL;DR

Two patients developed painful thyroiditis followed by hypothyroidism about 100 days after cord blood transplant, highlighting the need for thyroid monitoring in such cases.

Contribution

Reports two rare clinical cases linking cord blood transplantation to painful thyroiditis and subsequent hypothyroidism.

Findings

Painful thyroiditis occurred approximately 100 days after cord blood transplant in two patients.

Both patients later developed hypothyroidism requiring treatment.

Thyroid monitoring is recommended for patients with post-transplant neck pain.

Abstract

We report two rare cases of painful thyroiditis approximately 100 days after unrelated cord blood transplantation (CBT), which progressed to hypothyroidism. Patient one, a 45-year-old woman, developed goiter, tenderness, and thyrotoxicity on day 100 after CBT for relapsed acute lymphocytic leukemia. Scintigraphy suggested destructive thyroiditis; symptoms improved with one-month beta-blocker and prednisolone treatment. Two months later, hypothyroidism developed which required supplementation-based treatment. Patient two, a 49-year-old man, developed goiter, tenderness, and thyrotoxicosis on day 96 after CBT for acute myelogenous leukemia. Hypothyroidism developed after nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug treatment. Thyroiditis and hypothyroidism should be considered in patients who develop neck pain after CBT.

Figures