Beyond Uncertainty: the internal structure of electrons and photons

TL;DR

This paper proposes a wave-structure model for electrons and photons, deriving their properties from a modified de Broglie relation and showing that quantum uncertainty arises from internal energy arbitrariness, with implications for entanglement.

Contribution

It introduces a unified wave-structure formalism for electrons and photons, deriving quantum equations and explaining uncertainty and interactions from internal energy components.

Findings

Electrons and photons follow similar wave equations consistent with Maxwell's equations.

Uncertainty relations are linked to internal energy arbitrariness in the wave-structure model.

Electron stability is justified through vanishing intrinsic interaction fields.

Abstract

The wave-structure of moving electrons is analyzed on a fundamental level by employing a modified de Broglie relation. Formalizing the wave-function $\psi$ in real notation yields internal energy components due to mass oscillations. The wave-features can then be referred to physical waves of discrete frequency $\nu$ and the classical dispersion relation $\lambda \nu = u $, complying with the classical wave equation. Including external potentials yields the Schr\"odinger equation, which, in this context, is arbitrary due to the internal energy components. It can be established that the uncertainty relations are an expression of this, fundamental, arbitrariness. Electrons and photons can be described by an identical formalism, providing formulations equivalent to the Maxwell equations. The wave equations of intrinsic particle properties are Lorentz invariant considering total energy of particles, although transformations into a moving reference frame lead to an increase of intrinsic potentials. Interactions of photons and electrons are treated extensively, the results achieved are equivalent to the results in quantum theory. Electrostatic interactions provide, a posteriori, a justification for the initial assumption of electron-wave stability: the stability of electron waves can be referred to vanishing intrinsic fields of interaction. The concept finally allows the conclusion that a significant correlation for a pair of spin particles in EPR--like measurements is likely to violate the uncertainty relations.