Structure of the photon and magnetic field induced birefringence and dichroism

TL;DR

This paper explains vacuum birefringence and dichroism induced by magnetic fields using de Broglie's fusion model of the photon, proposing a new particle-antiparticle bound state framework.

Contribution

It introduces a novel photon model based on a particle-antiparticle bound state, providing an explanation for magnetic field-induced optical effects in vacuum.

Findings

Magnetic fields induce dichroism and ellipticity in vacuum.

The model predicts no effects from electric fields.

Consistent with astrophysical observations and axion search data.

Abstract

In this letter we show that the dichroism and ellipticity induced on a linear polarized light beam by the presence of a magnetic field in vacuum can be explained in the framework of the de Broglie's fusion model of a photon. In this model it is assumed that the usual photon is the spin 1 state of a particle-antiparticle bound state of two spin 1/2 fermions. The other S=0 state is referred to as the \emph{second} photon. On the other hand, since no charged particle neither particles having an electric dipole are considered, no effect is predicted in the presence of electric fields and this model is not in contradiction with star cooling data or solar axion search.