Quantum no-key protocol for direct and secure transmission of quantum and classical messages

TL;DR

This paper introduces a quantum no-key protocol enabling direct, secure transmission of quantum and classical messages, featuring inherent authentication and resistance to man-in-the-middle attacks, based on Boolean functions and classical encryption ideas.

Contribution

It proposes a novel quantum no-key protocol that combines quantum gates and classical encryption concepts to enhance security and authentication.

Findings

Resists man-in-the-middle attacks inherently

Provides message authentication and personal identification

Enables secure direct transmission of quantum and classical messages

Abstract

We present a quantum no-key protocol for direct and secure transmission of quantum and classical messages based on simple Boolean function computation with several quantum gates and Shamir's interactive idea of classical message encryption. This protocol has inherent personal identification and message authentication. It probably is the first quantum protocol that can resist the man-in-the-middle attack by itself.