There is no first quantization - except in the de Broglie-Bohm interpretation

TL;DR

The paper argues that in relativistic quantum field theory, the usual probabilistic interpretation of wave functions fails, but the de Broglie-Bohm interpretation remains consistent for first quantization.

Contribution

It demonstrates that the de Broglie-Bohm interpretation uniquely maintains consistency in relativistic quantum contexts where other interpretations fail.

Findings

Wave functions lack probabilistic interpretation in relativistic regimes

de Broglie-Bohm interpretation remains consistent for first quantization

Other interpretations face serious problems in relativistic quantum field theory

Abstract

The relativistic effects of the integer-spin quantum field theory imply that the wave functions describing a fixed number of particles do not admit the usual probabilistic interpretation. Among several most popular interpretations of quantum mechanics applied to first quantization, the only interpretation for which this fact does not lead to a serious problem, and therefore the only consistent interpretation of first quantization, is the de Broglie-Bohm interpretation.