Violation of Bell inequalities and Quantum Tomography with Pure-states, Werner-states and Maximally Entangled Mixed States created by a Universal Quantum Entangler

TL;DR

This paper reports the creation of various entangled states using a universal photon source, demonstrates Bell inequality violation with pure states and Werner-states, and explores the properties of maximally entangled mixed states through quantum tomography.

Contribution

It introduces a novel universal source capable of generating pure, Werner, and maximally entangled mixed states in a 2x2 Hilbert space, and performs first-time Bell tests and state characterization.

Findings

Bell inequality violation with pure states and Werner-states.

First synthesis of maximally entangled mixed states (MEMS).

Quantum tomography reveals exotic properties of MEMS.

Abstract

Entangled pure-states, Werner-states and generalized mixed-states of any structure, spanning a 2x2 Hilbert space are created by a novel high-brilliance universal source of polarization-entangled photon pairs. The violation of a Bell inequality has been tested for the first time with a pure-state, indeed a conceptually relevant ideal condition, and with Werner-states. The generalized ''maximally entangled mixed states'' (MEMS) were also synthetized for the first time and their exotic properties investigated by means of a quantum tomographic technique.