A possible explanation for Earth's climatic changes in the past few million years

TL;DR

This paper proposes an alternative to Milankovitch theory, suggesting a massive object in the early solar system influenced Earth's climate and caused pole shifts, explaining some past climate phenomena.

Contribution

It introduces the hypothesis of a planetary-sized object affecting Earth's climate via a gas cloud, offering an explanation for climate shifts not accounted for by Milankovitch cycles.

Findings

Multiple close approaches of the object Z caused pole shifts.

The last pole shift ended Earth's Ice Age about 11,500 years ago.

The model aligns with certain observed climate phenomena.

Abstract

The astronomical theory of Milankovitch relates the changes of Earth' past climate to variations in insolation caused by oscillations of the orbital parameters. However, this theory has problems to account for some major observed phenomena of the past few million years. Here, we present an alternative explanation for these phenomena. It is based on the idea that the solar system until quite recently contained an additional massive object of planetary size. This object, called Z, is assumed to have moved on a highly eccentric orbit bound to the sun. It influenced Earth's climate through a gas cloud of evaporated material. Calculations show that more than once during the last 3.2 Myr it even approached the Earth close enough to provoke a significant shift of the geographic position of the poles. The last of these shifts terminated Earth's Ice Age epoch about 11.5 kyr ago. The origin and fate of Z is also discussed.