Gravitation, the 'Dark Matter' Effect and the Fine Structure Constant

TL;DR

This paper proposes a generalized fluid-flow model of gravity that explains anomalies attributed to dark matter, identifies the fine structure constant as a key parameter, and provides evidence for quantum gravity effects.

Contribution

It introduces a new gravity formalism linking the fine structure constant to gravitational anomalies and predicts a fundamental gravitational constant different from Newton's G_N.

Findings

The fine structure constant alpha is shown to be the key parameter in gravitational anomalies.

The model accurately predicts spiral galaxy rotation curves and globular cluster black hole masses.

A new fundamental gravitational constant G is proposed, indicating quantum structure of space.

Abstract

Gravitational anomalies such as the mine/borehole g anomaly, the near-flatness of the spiral galaxy rotation-velocity curves, currently interpreted as a `dark matter' effect, the absence of that effect in ordinary elliptical galaxies, and the ongoing problems in accurately determining Newton's gravitational constant G_N are explained by a generalisation of the Newtonian theory of gravity to a fluid-flow formalism with one new dimensionless constant. By analysing the borehole data this constant is shown to be the fine structure constant alpha=1/137. The spiral galaxy `dark matter' effect and the globular cluster `black hole' masses are then correctly predicted. This formalism also explains the cause of the long-standing uncertainties in G_N and leads to the introduction of a fundamental gravitational constant G not = G_N with value G=(6.6526 +/- 0.013)x 10^-11 m^3s^{-2}kg^{-1}. The occurrence of alpha implies that space has a quantum structure, and we have the first evidence of quantum gravity effects.