Michelson-Morley Experiments Revisited and the Cosmic Background Radiation Preferred Frame

TL;DR

Re-analysis of historical Michelson-Morley data suggests a measurable absolute motion of Earth consistent with cosmic background radiation measurements, challenging Einstein's assertion of no absolute motion.

Contribution

This paper demonstrates that the Michelson-Morley experiment, when re-analyzed considering dielectric effects, indicates a significant absolute motion aligned with CBR data, revising historical interpretations.

Findings

Detected Earth's absolute speed as 359±54 km/s from Michelson-Morley data.

Found consistency between interferometer results and COBE CBR dipole measurements.

Refuted the notion that absolute motion has no physical meaning.

Abstract

We report a simple re-analysis of the old results (1887) from the Michelson-Morley interferometer experiment that was designed to detect absolute motion. We build upon a recent (1998) re-analysis of the original data by Munera, which revealed a small but significant effect after allowing for several systematic errors in the original analysis. The further re-analysis here reveals that a genuine effect of absolute motion is expected, in what is essentially a quantum interference experiment, but only if the photons travel in the interferometer at speeds V< c. This is the case if the interferometer operates in a dielectric, such as air, as was the case, incidently, of the Michelson-Morley experiment. The re-analysis here of the Michelson-Morley experimental data, correcting for the refractive index effect of the air, reveals an absolute speed of the Earth of v=359+/-54 km/s, which is in excellent agreement with the speed of v=365+/-18 km/s determined from the dipole fit, in 1991, to the NASA COBE satellite Cosmic Background Radiation (CBR) observations. Other experiments where the interferometers operated in air (Miller 1925,1933) or helium (Illingworth 1927) give similar results when re-analysed. These experimental results refute Einstein's assertion that absolute motion through space has no meaning.