An electromagnetic trinity from "negative permittivity" and "negative permeability"

TL;DR

This paper introduces an electromagnetic trinity consisting of vacuum, anti-vacuum, and nihility, using negative permittivity and permeability materials to clarify electromagnetic theory, especially regarding phase velocity and Poynting vector relationships.

Contribution

It proposes a new conceptual framework of electromagnetic media—vacuum, anti-vacuum, and nihility—based on negative permittivity and permeability, enhancing understanding of electromagnetic phase velocity.

Findings

Defines electromagnetic trinity: vacuum, anti-vacuum, nihility

Uses negative permittivity and permeability to model these media

Clarifies the relationship between phase velocity and Poynting vector

Abstract

An electromagnetic trinity comprising vacuum, anti--vacuum, and nihility is postulated -- after making use of materials with "negative permittivity" and "negative permeability" -- to illuminate the structure of electromagnetic theory, at least insofar as the relationship of phase velocity with Poynting vector is concerned.