Hydrodynamic analysis of non-central Pb+Pb collisions at 158A GeV

TL;DR

This paper uses a full (3+1)D hydrodynamic model to analyze non-central Pb+Pb collisions at 158A GeV, reproducing experimental data and testing initial condition assumptions, with a novel Monte Carlo approach for resonance decay calculations.

Contribution

It introduces a comprehensive (3+1)D hydrodynamic analysis of non-central heavy-ion collisions and evaluates wounded nucleon scaling validity, including a new Monte Carlo method for resonance decay.

Findings

Reproduces rapidity and transverse mass distributions in central collisions.

Validates wounded nucleon scaling for initial conditions.

Provides an exact Monte Carlo method for resonance decay particle distributions.

Abstract

We analyze non-central heavy-ion collisions at the relativistic energy within a full (3+1) dimensional hydrodynamic model. First, the initial parameters in the hydrodynamic model are chosen so that we reproduce the experimental data of both the rapidity distribution and the slope of transverse mass distribution in central Pb + Pb collisions at 158 $A$ GeV at the CERN SPS. We next study the validity of the ansatz of wounded nucleon scaling for the initial condition of the hydrodynamic model through analysis of the rapidity distribution of negative pions in non-central collisions. Moreover, a simple Monte Carlo method is introduced to exactly calculate the particle distribution from resonance decays.