Noncommutative residue for Heisenberg manifolds. Applications in CR and contact geometry

TL;DR

This paper develops a noncommutative residue for hypoelliptic operators on Heisenberg manifolds, with applications in CR and contact geometry, including geometric invariants and spectral interpretations of geometric actions.

Contribution

It introduces a unique trace for Heisenberg pseudodifferential operators, extending residue theory to hypoelliptic calculus and applying it to CR and contact geometric invariants.

Findings

Constructed a noncommutative residue for Heisenberg calculus

Computed residues for sublaplacian and contact Laplacian

Connected noncommutative residues to geometric quantities like volume and Einstein-Hilbert action

Abstract

This paper has four main parts. In the first part, we construct a noncommutative residue for the hypoelliptic calculus on Heisenberg manifolds, that is, for the class of Heisenberg PsiDOs introduced by Beals-Greiner and Taylor. This noncommutative residue appears as the residual trace on integer order Heisenberg PsiDOs induced by the analytic extension of the usual trace to non-integer order Heisenberg PsiDOs. Moreover, it agrees with the integral of the density defined by the logarithmic singularity of the Schwartz kernel of the corresponding Heisenberg PsiDO. In addition, we show that this noncommutative residue provides us with the unique trace up to constant multiple on the algebra of integer order Heisenberg PsiDOs. In the second part, we give some analytic applications of this construction concerning zeta functions of hypoelliptic operators, logarithmic metric estimates for Green kernels of hypoelliptic operators, and the extension of the Dixmier trace to the whole algebra of integer order Heisenberg PsiDOs. In the third part, we present examples of computations of noncommutative residues of some powers of the horizontal sublaplacian and the contact Laplacian on contact manifolds. In the fourth part, we present two applications in CR geometry. First, we give some examples of geometric computations of noncommutative residues of some powers of the horizontal sublaplacian and of the Kohn Laplacian. Second, we make use of the framework of noncommutative geometry and of our noncommutative residue to define lower dimensional volumes in pseudohermitian geometry, e.g., we can give sense to the area of any 3-dimensional CR manifold. On the way we obtain a spectral interpretation of the Einstein-Hilbert action in pseudohermitian geometry.