Quasi-morphisms and the Poisson bracket

TL;DR

This paper introduces a functional on symplectic manifolds that measures non-commutativity of functions via the Poisson bracket, linking algebraic and function-theoretic structures and deriving bounds for measurement errors.

Contribution

It constructs a new functional from a quasi-morphism rooted in Floer theory that quantifies non-commutativity and provides bounds on measurement errors in symplectic geometry.

Findings

Functional is Lipschitz with respect to uniform norm

Provides a lower bound for measurement error of non-commuting Hamiltonians

Links algebraic structures of Hamiltonian diffeomorphisms with function theory

Abstract

For a class of symplectic manifolds, we introduce a functional which assigns a real number to any pair of continuous functions on the manifold. This functional has a number of interesting properties. On the one hand, it is Lipschitz with respect to the uniform norm. On the other hand, it serves as a measure of non-commutativity of functions in the sense of the Poisson bracket, the operation which involves first derivatives of the functions. Furthermore, the same functional gives rise to a non-trivial lower bound for the error of the simultaneous measurement of a pair of non-commuting Hamiltonians. These results manifest a link between the algebraic structure of the group of Hamiltonian diffeomorphisms and the function theory on a symplectic manifold. The above-mentioned functional comes from a special homogeneous quasi-morphism on the universal cover of the group, which is rooted in the Floer theory.