Stochastic Loewner Evolution and Dyson's Circular Ensembles

TL;DR

This paper links Stochastic Loewner Evolution (SLE) to Dyson's circular ensembles, revealing new connections between critical models, random matrix theory, and conformal field theory in two-dimensional systems.

Contribution

It demonstrates the equivalence of N radial SLEs in the unit disc to Dyson's Brownian motion, extending the understanding of critical models beyond classical symmetry classes.

Findings

Equivalence of N radial SLEs to Dyson's Brownian motion with beta=4/kappa

Critical models realize circular ensembles with non-classical beta values

Bulk critical exponents relate to Calogero-Sutherland spectrum

Abstract

Stochastic Loewner Evolution (SLE_kappa) has been introduced as a description of the continuum limit of cluster boundaries in two-dimensional critical systems. We show that the problem of N radial SLEs in the unit disc is equivalent to Dyson's Brownian motion on the boundary of the disc, with parameter beta=4/kappa. As a result various equilibrium critical models give realisations of circular ensembles with beta different from the classical values of 1,2 and 4 which correspond to symmetry classes of random U(N) matrices. Some of the bulk critical exponents are related to the spectrum of the associated Calogero-Sutherland hamiltonian. The main result is also checked against the predictions of conformal field theory.