Monopole Constituents inside SU(n) Calorons

TL;DR

This paper derives a simple expression for the action density of SU(n) calorons with non-trivial Polyakov loop, revealing n monopole constituents whose masses relate to the Polyakov loop eigenvalues, using ADHM and Nahm methods.

Contribution

It provides an explicit formula for caloron action density with arbitrary Polyakov loop, highlighting the monopole constituents and their mass relations, combining ADHM and Nahm techniques.

Findings

Calorons contain n monopole constituents.

Masses of monopoles relate to Polyakov loop eigenvalues.

Explicit action density formula derived for SU(n) calorons.

Abstract

We present a simple result for the action density of the SU(n) charge one periodic instantons - or calorons - with arbitrary non-trivial Polyakov loop P_oo at spatial infinity. It is shown explicitly that there are n lumps inside the caloron, each of which represents a BPS monopole, their masses being related to the eigenvalues of P_oo. A suitable combination of the ADHM construction and the Nahm transformation is used to obtain this result.