Dynamical symmetry breaking in the Nambu-Jona-Lasino model with external gravitational and constant electric fields

TL;DR

This paper explores how external electric and gravitational fields influence dynamical symmetry breaking in the Nambu-Jona-Lasinio model across different spacetime dimensions, revealing phase transitions driven by these external factors.

Contribution

It provides a detailed analysis of symmetry breaking patterns under combined electric and gravitational influences, including exact treatment of electric fields and linear curvature effects.

Findings

Symmetry breaking patterns depend on both electric field strength and curvature.

Phase transitions occur due to variations in external fields.

Numerical simulations illustrate the transition dynamics.

Abstract

An investigation of the Nambu-Jona-Lasino model with external constant electric and weak gravitational fields is carried out in three- and four- dimensional spacetimes. The effective potential of the composite bifermionic fields is calculated keeping terms linear in the curvature, while the electric field effect is treated exactly by means of the proper- time formalism. A rich dynamical symmetry breaking pattern, accompanied by phase transitions which are ruled, independently, by both the curvature and the electric field strength is found. Numerical simulations of the transitions are presented.