
TL;DR
This paper explores phase transitions in four-dimensional M theory vacua that alter net generation numbers, revealing loopholes that allow chirality changes despite initial obstructions, with implications for string theory topology changes.
Contribution
It introduces new mechanisms for chirality-changing phase transitions in four-dimensional M theory, expanding understanding of topology change and matter generation.
Findings
Demonstrates phase transitions changing net generation numbers.
Identifies loopholes avoiding obstructions to chirality change.
Constructs explicit four-dimensional examples involving wrapped M-theory fivebranes.
Abstract
I describe recent examples of phase transitions in four-dimensional M theory vacua in which the net generation number changes. There are naive obstructions to transitions lifting chiral matter, but loopholes exist which enable us to avoid them. I first review how chirality arises in the heterotic limit of M theory, previously known forms of topology change in string theory, and chirality-changing phase transitions in six dimensions. This leads to the construction of the four-dimensional examples, which involve wrapped M-theory fivebranes at an wall.
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