TL;DR
This paper reviews the development of string theory as a candidate for a unified quantum gravity and gauge interaction framework, highlighting the emergence of M-theory and its Matrix theory formulation.
Contribution
It synthesizes the understanding of five consistent string theories and presents the evidence for their unification into a single 11-dimensional M-theory and its Matrix model.
Findings
Identification of five consistent supersymmetric string theories.
Evidence supporting the unification into M-theory.
Proposal of a Matrix theory as a formulation of M-theory.
Abstract
In discussing the construction of a consistent theory of quantum gravity unified with the gauge interactions we are naturally led to a string theory. We review its properties and the five consistent supersymmetric string theories in ten dimensions. We finally discuss the evidence that these theories are actually special limits of a unique 11-dimensional theory, called M-theory, and a recent conjecture for its explicit formulation as a supersymmetric Matrix theory.
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