Mass Splittings From Symmetry Obstruction

TL;DR

This paper investigates how symmetry obstruction caused by long-range non-abelian vortex fields affects the spectrum and angular momentum in 2+1 dimensional theories, with implications for supersymmetry and gravitational effects.

Contribution

It demonstrates the concrete impact of symmetry obstruction on energy spectra and angular momentum in lower-dimensional field theories, highlighting supersymmetry's vulnerability to gravitational effects.

Findings

Symmetry obstruction alters angular momentum conditions.

Energy spectrum is modified by long-range vortex fields.

Supersymmetry is obstructed by gravitational effects of mass.

Abstract

The long-range fields associated with non-abelian vortices generally obstruct full realization, in the spectrum, of the symmetry of the ground state. In the context of 2+1 dimensional field theories, we show how this effect manifests itself concretely in altered conditions for the angular momentum and in the energy spectrum. A particularly interesting case is supersymmetry, which is obstructed by the gravitational effect of any mass.