The Information Loss Problem of Black Hole and the First Order Phase Transition in String Theory

TL;DR

This paper proposes a new model for black hole evolution involving a first order phase transition at the Hagedorn temperature, transforming string gas into a zero-entropy matter called 'the Planck solid', avoiding singularities and addressing the information loss problem.

Contribution

It introduces a novel phase transition model near the Hagedorn temperature that modifies black hole interior structure and resolves the information loss issue without singularities.

Findings

No singularity within the proposed model.

A phase transition occurs near the Hagedorn temperature.

String gas transforms into 'the Planck solid' with zero entropy.

Abstract

In recent years, Susskind, Thorlacius and Uglum have proposed a model for strings near a black hole horizon in order to represent the quantum mechanical entropy of the black hole and to resolve the information loss problem. However, this model is insufficient because they did not consider the metric modification due to massive strings and did not explain how to carry information from inside of the horizon to the outside world. In this paper, we present a possible, intuitive model for the time development of a black hole in order to solve the information loss problem. In this model, we assume that a first order phase transition occurs near the Hagedorn temperature and the string gas changes to hypothetical matter with vanishing entropy and energy which we call `the Planck solid'. We also study the background geometry of black holes in this picture and find out that there is no singularity within the model.