Magnetic Monopoles, Gauge Invariant Dynamical Variables and Georgi Glashow Model

TL;DR

This paper reformulates the Georgi-Glashow model using gauge-invariant variables, revealing magnetic monopoles as topological defects and introducing a dynamical abelian projection that connects to electromagnetism.

Contribution

It presents a novel gauge-invariant approach to the Georgi-Glashow model, explicitly incorporating magnetic monopoles and a dynamical abelian projection without gauge fixing.

Findings

Magnetic monopoles appear as point-like defects in the new formulation

A natural abelian gauge invariance emerges without gauge fixing

The effect of the theta term on the abelian theory is analyzed

Abstract

We investigate Georgi-Glashow model in terms of a set of explicitly SO(3) gauge invariant dynamical variables. In the new description a novel compact abelian gauge invariance emerges naturally. As a consequence magnetic monopoles occur as point like "defects" in space time. Their non-perturbative contribution to the partition function is explicitly included. This procedure corresponds to dynamical "abelian projection" without gauge fixing. In the Higgs phase the above abelian invariance is to be identified with electromagnetism. We also study the effect of $\theta$ term in the above abelian theory.