A Rotating Quantum Vacuum
V. A. De Lorenci, N. F. Svaiter

TL;DR
This paper explores the quantum field theory in a uniformly rotating frame, defining a new rotating vacuum state, and analyzes particle detection and polarization effects in rotating systems, bridging inertial and non-inertial perspectives.
Contribution
It introduces a quantization scheme in a rotating frame leading to a new vacuum state and connects particle detection with the rotating frame's properties.
Findings
Existence of a rotating vacuum superimposed on Minkowski particles
Strong correlation between rotating particle number and detector response
Analysis of polarization effects in circular accelerators
Abstract
We investigate how a uniformly rotating frame is defined as the rest frame of an observer rotating with constant angular velocity around the axis of an inertial frame. Assuming that this frame is a Lorentz one, we second quantize a free massless scalar field in this rotating frame and obtain that creation-anihilation operators of the field are not the same as those of an inertial frame. This leads to a new vacuum state --- a rotating vacuum --- which is a superposition of positive and negative frequency Minkowski particles. After this, introducing an apparatus device coupled linearly with the field we obtain that there is a strong correlation between number of rotating particles (in a given state) obtained via canonical quantization and via response function of the rotating detector. Finally, we analyse polarization effects in circular accelerators in the proper frame of…
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