Nonperturbative Effects in Noncritical Strings with Soliton Backgrounds

TL;DR

This paper constructs soliton operators in low-dimensional string theory, demonstrating their role as nonperturbative backgrounds and aligning their effects with string equations, highlighting the importance of fermions as fundamental variables.

Contribution

It explicitly constructs soliton operators in $D<2$ string theory and shows their compatibility with string equations, advancing understanding of nonperturbative effects.

Findings

Soliton operators are explicitly constructed in $D<2$ string theory.

Solutions with soliton backgrounds are consistent with Schwinger-Dyson equations.

Weak coupling analysis confirms nonperturbative contributions match string equations.

Abstract

We explicitly construct soliton operators in $D<2$ (or $c<1$) string theory, and show that the Schwinger-Dyson equations allow solutions with these solitons as backgrounds. The dominant contributions from 1-soliton background are explicitly evaluated in the weak coupling limit, and shown to agree with the nonperturbative analysis of string equations. We suggest that fermions should be treated as fundamental dynamical variables since both macroscopic loops and solitons are constructed in their bilinear forms.