Vacuum state of the quantum string without anomalies in any number of dimensions

TL;DR

This paper demonstrates that by adopting a symmetric vacuum, the quantum string theory can be made anomaly-free in any number of dimensions, including the physically relevant four-dimensional space.

Contribution

It introduces a symmetric vacuum approach that eliminates Virasoro algebra anomalies across all dimensions, resolving a key inconsistency in string theory.

Findings

Anomalies are caused by asymmetric raising and lowering operators.

Symmetric vacuum removes Virasoro anomalies in any dimension.

The theory is consistent in four-dimensional spacetime.

Abstract

We show that the anomalies of the Virasoro algebra are due to the asymmetric behavior of raising and lowering operators with respect to the ground state of the string. With the adoption of a symmetric vacuum we obtain a non-anomalous theory in any number of dimensions. In particular for D=4.