Towards a Realistic Equation of State of Strongly Interacting Matter

TL;DR

This paper develops a realistic equation of state for strongly interacting matter using a relativistic Bose gas model, capturing low-temperature hadronic behavior and high-temperature phase transition to weakly interacting plasma.

Contribution

It introduces a novel approach modeling the off-shellness in a relativistic Bose gas to derive an equation of state matching physical properties of strongly interacting matter.

Findings

At low temperature, the equation matches Shuryak's hadronic matter model.

At high temperature, it reproduces the Stefan-Boltzmann ideal gas behavior.

The model indicates a phase transition from strongly to weakly interacting matter.

Abstract

We consider a relativistic strongly interacting Bose gas. The interaction is manifested in the off-shellness of the equilibrium distribution. The equation of state that we obtain for such a gas has the properties of a realistic equation of state of strongly interacting matter, i.e., at low temperature it agrees with the one suggested by Shuryak for hadronic matter, while at high temperature it represents the equation of state of an ideal ultrarelativistic Stefan-Boltzmann gas, implying a phase transition to an effectively weakly interacting phase.