Biharmonic Conformal Field Theories

TL;DR

This paper constructs a new class of two-dimensional conformal field theories based on biharmonic operators, offering higher-order corrections to existing models relevant for string theory and gravity.

Contribution

It introduces a conformally covariant biharmonic operator and associated field theories, expanding the framework of conformal invariance in two dimensions.

Findings

Defined a fourth-order conformally covariant operator for scalar fields.

Established two types of biharmonic conformal field theories with different Weyl transformation properties.

Provided potential applications in string theory and two-dimensional gravity.

Abstract

The main result of this paper is the construction of a conformally covariant operator in two dimensions acting on scalar fields and containing fourth order derivatives. In this way it is possible to derive a class of Lagrangians invariant under conformal transformations. They define conformal field theories satisfying equations of the biharmonic type. Two kinds of these biharmonic field theories are distinguished, characterized by the possibility or not of the scalar fields to transform non-trivially under Weyl transformations. Both cases are relevant for string theory and two dimensional gravity. The biharmonic conformal field theories provide higher order corrections to the equations of motion of the metric and give a possibility of adding new terms to the Polyakov action.