Domain boundaries, Goldstone bosons and gravitational waves

TL;DR

This paper investigates the dynamics of domain boundaries in scalar fields with broken symmetry, revealing their connection to Goldstone bosons and gravitational waves, and deriving a quantization condition for the symmetry breaking scale.

Contribution

It introduces a novel analysis of domain boundary dynamics linked to Goldstone modes and gravitational fields, establishing a quantization condition related to the Planck mass.

Findings

Domain boundaries are associated with zero-modes of Goldstone fields.

These boundaries generate oscillating gravitational fields.

A quantization condition for symmetry breaking scale is derived.

Abstract

The dynamical behaviour of domain boundaries between different realizations of the vacuum of scalar fields with spontaneously broken phases is investigated. They correspond to zero-modes of the Goldstone fields, moving with the speed of light, and turn out to be accompanied by strongly oscillating gravitational fields. In certain space-time topologies this leads to a quantization condition for the symmetry breaking scale in terms of the Planck mass.