A Strong Coupling Test of S-Duality
Cumrun Vafa, Edward Witten

TL;DR
This paper tests the S-duality conjecture in N=4 supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory by analyzing the partition function on four-manifolds, revealing unexpected connections with rational conformal field theory.
Contribution
It provides an exact strong coupling test of the Montonen-Olive duality conjecture using topologically twisted N=4 SYM and uncovers novel links to 2D rational conformal field theories.
Findings
Confirmed the S-duality conjecture at strong coupling.
Discovered links between 4D supersymmetric theories and 2D conformal field theories.
Provided exact results for the partition function in a non-perturbative regime.
Abstract
By studying the partition function of topologically twisted supersymmetric Yang-Mills on four-manifolds, we make an exact strong coupling test of the Montonen-Olive strong-weak duality conjecture. Unexpected and exciting links are found with two-dimensional rational conformal field theory.
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