$B \wedge F$ Term by Spontaneous Symmetry Breaking in a generalized Abelian Higgs Model

TL;DR

This paper demonstrates how a topological $B  F$ term can be generated through spontaneous symmetry breaking in a generalized Abelian Higgs model across various dimensions, leading to topological massive gauge excitations.

Contribution

It shows that the $B  F$ topological term can be produced via Higgs mechanism in different dimensions, extending understanding of topological mass generation.

Findings

Topological $B  F$ term generated in 3+1 dimensions via symmetry breaking

Topological massive excitations arise from $B  F$ term in higher dimensions

Higgs mechanism can produce topological terms in various dimensions

Abstract

We show that the topological $B \wedge F$ term in $3+1$ dimensions can be generated via spontaneous symmetry breaking in a generalized Abelian Higgs model. Further, we also show that even in $D$ dimensions $ ( D \geq 3 ) $, a $B \wedge F$ term gives rise to the topological massive excitations of the Abelian gauge field and that such a $B \wedge F$ term can also be generated via Higgs mechanism.