QED Corrections to Planck's Radiation Law and Photon Thermodynamics
M. Hossein Partovi

TL;DR
This paper calculates the leading quantum electrodynamics (QED) corrections to Planck's radiation law and photon thermodynamics, exploring how photon-photon interactions influence cosmic photon gas and structure formation.
Contribution
It introduces the first detailed calculation of QED-induced corrections to blackbody radiation and photon thermodynamics, highlighting their potential cosmological implications.
Findings
Photon-photon interaction increases occupation numbers across all modes.
QED corrections could impact cosmic structure formation.
Attractive photon-photon interaction influences photon gas properties.
Abstract
Leading corrections to Planck's formula and photon thermodynamics arising from the pair-mediated photon-photon interaction are calculated. This interaction is attractive and causes an increase in occupation number for all modes. Possible consequences, including the role of the cosmic photon gas in structure formation, are considered.
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