Topological Sigma-Models in Four Dimensions and Triholomorphic Maps

TL;DR

This paper extends topological sigma-models from 2D to 4D, introducing a new class of instantonic maps called hyperinstantons, and explores their mathematical properties and examples, including coupling to gravity.

Contribution

It proposes a 4D topological sigma-model framework for triholomorphic maps, generalizing known 2D models and defining hyperinstantons with applications to hyperKahler and quaternionic manifolds.

Findings

Defined hyperinstantons as solutions to generalized Cauchy-Fueter equations.

Connected the model to N=2 supersymmetric sigma-models via twisting.

Provided explicit examples on torus and K3 surfaces.

Abstract

It is well-known that topological sigma-models in 2 dimensions constitute a path-integral approach to the study of holomorphic maps from a Riemann surface S to an almost complex manifold K, the most interesting case being that where K is a Kahler manifold. We show that, in the same way, topological sigma-models in 4 dimensions introduce a path integral approach to the study of triholomorphic maps q:M-->N from a 4dimensional Riemannian manifold M to an almost quaternionic manifold N. The most interesting cases are those where M, N are hyperKahler or quaternionic Kahler. BRST-cohomology translates into intersection theory in the moduli-space of this new class of instantonic maps, named by us hyperinstantons. The definition of triholomorphicity that we propose is expressed by the equation q_*-J_u q_* j_u = 0, u=1,2,3, where {j_u} is an almost quaternionic structure on M and {J_u} is an almost quaternionic structure on N. This is a generalization of the Cauchy-Fueter equations. For M, N hyperKahler, this generalization naturally arises by obtaining the topological sigma-model as a twisted version of the N=2 globally supersymmetric sigma-model. We discuss various examples of hyperinstantons, in particular on the torus and the K3 surface. We also analyse the coupling of the topological sigma-model to topological gravity. The study of