The spectrum of the 2D Black Hole, or Does the 2D black hole have tachyonic or W--hair?

TL;DR

This paper analyzes the spectrum of 2D black holes, revealing that only certain tachyonic states are allowed, leading to a sparse set of black hole hairs and implications for black hole stability and information retention.

Contribution

It provides an exact solution for tachyon and discrete states in 2D black hole backgrounds, showing a drastic truncation of the spectrum and the limited nature of black hole hair.

Findings

No W-infinity states in the spectrum.

Only tachyons with |P_TACH| <= |M_TACH| are allowed.

Black hole stability with limited tachyonic hair.

Abstract

We solve the equations of motion of the tachyon and the discrete states in the background of Witten's semiclassical black hole and in the exact 2D dilaton-graviton background of Dijkgraaf et al. We find the exact solutions for weak fields, leading to conclusions in disagreement with previous studies of tachyons in the black hole. Demanding that a state in the black hole be well behaved at the horizon implies that it must tend asymptotically to a combination of a Seiberg and an anti-Seiberg c=1 state. For such a state to be well behaved asymptotically, it must satisfy the condition that neither its Seiberg nor its anti-Seiberg Liouville momentum is positive. Thus, although the free-field BRST cohomologies of the underlying SL(2,R)/U(1) theory is the same as that of a c=1 theory, the black hole spectrum is drastically truncated: THERE ARE NO W_INFINITY STATES, AND ONLY TACHYONS WITH X-MOMENTA | P_TACH | <= | M_TACH | ARE ALLOWED. In the Minkowski case only the static tachyon is allowed. The black hole is stable to the back reaction of these remaining tachyons, so they are good perturbations of the black hole, or ``hair''. However, this leaves only 3 tachyonic hairs in the black hole and 7 in the exact solution! Such sparse hair is clearly irrelevant to the maintenance of coherence during black hole evaporation.