The Strength of String Nonperturbative Effects and Strong-Weak Coupling Duality

TL;DR

This paper discusses a proposed strong-weak coupling duality in string theory, suggesting the existence of tunneling solutions between vacua that lead to nonperturbative effects with unusual coupling dependence.

Contribution

It introduces the concept of duality symmetry in string equations of motion and explores the possibility of tunneling solutions affecting nonperturbative phenomena.

Findings

Duality symmetry implies vacua occur in pairs.

Tunneling solutions between vacua may exist.

Nonperturbative effects can have anomalous coupling dependence.

Abstract

A strong-weak coupling duality symmetry of the string equations of motion has been suggested in the literature. This symmetry implies that vacua occur in pairs. Since the coupling constant is a dynamical variable in string theory, tunneling solutions between strong and weak coupling vacua may exist. Such solutions would naturally lead to nonperturbative effects with anomalous coupling dependence. A highly simplified example is given.