An interaction Lagrangian for two spin 1/2 elementary Dirac particles

TL;DR

This paper develops an invariant interaction Lagrangian for two Dirac particles within an extended spacetime symmetry framework, revealing potential metastable bound states influenced by spin and zitterbewegung effects.

Contribution

It introduces a novel interaction Lagrangian invariant under an enlarged spacetime group, accounting for spin effects and predicting bound states for same-charge particles.

Findings

The interaction describes both short- and long-range forces including Coulomb interaction.

Metastable bound states can exist for same-charge particles with parallel spins.

Bound states depend on the spin structure and initial conditions, highlighting the role of zitterbewegung.

Abstract

The kinematical formalism for describing spinning particles developped by the author is based upon the idea that an elementary particle is a physical system with no excited states. It can be annihilated by the interaction with its antiparticle but, if not destroyed, its internal structure can never be modified. All possible states of the particle are just kinematical modifications of any one of them. The kinematical state space of the variational formalism of an elementary particle is necessarily a homogeneous space of the kinematical group of spacetime symmetries. By assuming Poincare invariance we have already described a model of a classical spinning particle which satisfies Dirac's equation when quantized. We have recently shown that the spacetime symmetry group of this Dirac particle is larger than the Poincare group. It also contains spacetime dilations and local rotations. In this work we obtain an interaction Lagrangian for two Dirac particles, which is invariant under this enlarged spacetime group. It describes a short- and long-range interaction such that when averaged, to supress the spin content of the particles, describes the instantaneous Coulomb interaction between them. As an application, we analyse the interaction between two spinning particles, and show that it is possible the existence of metastable bound states for two particles of the same charge, when the spins are parallel and provided some initial conditions are fulfilled. The possibility of formation of bound pairs is due to the zitterbewegung spin structure of the particles because when the spin is neglected, the bound states vanish.