Short distances, black holes, and TeV gravity

TL;DR

This paper investigates how ultrashort distances influence Hawking radiation, revealing that deviations from thermality occur in mini black holes within TeV gravity models, even before reaching the Planck scale.

Contribution

It provides a new derivation of the Hawking effect using two-point functions and estimates ultrashort distance effects on black hole radiation in TeV gravity scenarios.

Findings

Thermality persists for large black holes with small surface gravity times Planck length.

Deviations from the Planckian spectrum occur in mini black holes in TeV gravity models.

Ultrashort distance contributions can be significant before the Planck phase.

Abstract

The Hawking effect can be rederived in terms of two-point functions and in such a way that it makes it possible to estimate, within the conventional semiclassical theory, the contribution of ultrashort distances at $I^+$ to the Planckian spectrum. Thermality is preserved for black holes with $\kappa l_P << 1$. However, deviations from the Planckian spectrum can be found for mini black holes in TeV gravity scenarios, even before reaching the Planck phase.