Superconducting Electroweak Strings

TL;DR

This paper constructs classical solutions for charged, current-carrying electroweak strings within the bosonic sector, generalizing known Z and W-dressed Z string solutions across various parameters.

Contribution

It introduces a family of electroweak string solutions characterized by electric charge, current, and flux parameters, extending previous models to include electromagnetic currents and charges.

Findings

Solutions reduce to Z strings when currents vanish.

Existence of W-dressed Z strings for specific charge-current relations.

Parameterization by current, charge, and integers determines fluxes and densities.

Abstract

Classical solutions describing strings endowed with an electric charge and carrying a constant electromagnetic current are constructed within the bosonic sector of the Electroweak Theory. For any given ratio of the Higgs boson mass to W boson mass and for any Weinberg's angle, these strings comprise a family that can be parameterized by values of the current through their cross section, $I_3$, by their electric charge per unit string length, $I_0$, and by two integers. These parameters determine the electromagnetic and Z fluxes, as well as the angular momentum and momentum densities of the string. For $I_0\to 0$ and $I_3\to 0$ the solutions reduce to Z strings, or, for solutions with $I_0=\pm I_3$, to the W-dressed Z strings whose existence was discussed some time ago.