Phantom cosmology as a scattering process

TL;DR

This paper explores the chaotic dynamics of phantom fields in cosmology, revealing scattering processes, fractal structures, and conditions for chaos, with implications for universe acceleration and dark energy models.

Contribution

It introduces a novel interpretation of phantom cosmology as a scattering process and analyzes the role of symmetry breaking in chaotic behavior.

Findings

Chaotic and non-chaotic scattering processes depend on symmetry breaking.

Fractal structures are present in the phase space of initial conditions.

Acceleration and oscillating EOS are generic features in the model.

Abstract

We study the general chaotic features of dynamics of the phantom field modelled in terms of a single scalar field conformally coupled to gravity. We demonstrate that the dynamics of the FRW model with dark energy in the form of phantom field can be regarded as a scattering process of two types: multiple chaotic and classical non-chaotic. It depends whether the spontaneously symmetry breaking takes place. In the first class of models with the spontaneously symmetry breaking the dynamics is similar to the Yang-Mills theory. We find the evidence of a fractal structure in the phase space of initial conditions. We observe similarities to the phenomenon of a multiple scattering process around the origin. In turn the class of models without the spontaneously symmetry breaking can be described as the classical non-chaotic scattering process and the methods of symbolic dynamic are also used in this case. We show that the phantom cosmology can be treated as a simple model with scattering of trajectories which character depends crucially on a sign of a square of mass. We demonstrate that there is a possibility of chaotic behavior in the flat Universe with a conformally coupled phantom field in the system considered on non-zero energy level. We obtain that the acceleration is a generic feature in the considered model without the spontaneously symmetry breaking. We observe that the effective EOS coefficient oscillates and then approach to $w=-1$.