Strings at future singularities

TL;DR

This paper investigates how strings behave near different future singularities, finding they can survive sudden singularities but are infinitely stretched at Big-Rip events.

Contribution

It provides a detailed analysis of string dynamics in spacetimes with future singularities, highlighting their different fates at sudden and Big-Rip singularities.

Findings

Invariant string size remains finite at sudden future singularities.

String size diverges at Big-Rip singularities.

Strings may survive sudden singularities but not Big-Rip events.

Abstract

We discuss the behaviour of strings propagating in spacetimes which allow future singularities of either a sudden future or a Big-Rip type. We show that in general the invariant string size remains finite at sudden future singularities while it grows to infinity at a Big-Rip. This claim is based on the discussion of both the tensile and null strings. In conclusion, strings may survive a sudden future singularity, but not a Big-Rip where they are infinitely stretched.