From Gravitons to Giants

TL;DR

This paper explores the exact quantization of gravitational fluctuations in the AdS/CFT context, revealing how giant graviton states can be described by weakly interacting particles even at high energies, using bosonization techniques.

Contribution

It introduces an exact bosonization method for finite fermions in AdS/CFT, enabling precise computation of graviton correlations and insights into high-energy interactions of giant gravitons.

Findings

Three-point graviton correlation functions grow exponentially with N.

Weakly interacting giant graviton states can be constructed at high energies.

Bosonic oscillators and Schur polynomials represent different giant graviton states.

Abstract

We discuss exact quantization of gravitational fluctuations in the half-BPS sector around AdS$_5 \times $S$^5$ background, using the dual super Yang-Mills theory. For this purpose we employ the recently developed techniques for exact bosonization of a finite number $N$ of fermions in terms of $N$ bosonic oscillators. An exact computation of the three-point correlation function of gravitons for finite $N$ shows that they become strongly coupled at sufficiently high energies, with an interaction that grows exponentially in $N$. We show that even at such high energies a description of the bulk physics in terms of weakly interacting particles can be constructed. The single particle states providing such a description are created by our bosonic oscillators or equivalently these are the multi-graviton states corresponding to the so-called Schur polynomials. Both represent single giant graviton states in the bulk. Multi-particle states corresponding to multi-giant gravitons are, however, different, since interactions among our bosons vanish identically, while the Schur polynomials are weakly interacting at high enough energies.