Production of Neutral Fermion in Linear Magnetic Field through Pauli Interaction

TL;DR

This paper investigates the non-perturbative production rate of neutral fermions in linear magnetic fields via Pauli interaction, revealing dependence on magnetic field gradient and strength, with differences from charged particle production.

Contribution

It provides the first detailed calculation of neutral fermion production in magnetic fields through Pauli interaction, highlighting its unique dependence on magnetic field parameters.

Findings

Production rate decreases exponentially with inverse magnetic field gradient.

In 3+1 dimensions, production depends on both magnetic field strength and gradient.

Production is a magnetic effect, distinct from electric effects in charged particle production.

Abstract

We calculate the production rate of neutral fermions in linear magnetic fields through the Pauli interaction. It is found that the production rate is exponentially decreasing function with respect to the inverse of the magnetic field gradient, which shows the non-perturbative characteristics analogous to the Schwinger process. It turns out that the production rate density depends on both the gradient and the strength of magnetic fields in 3+1 dimension. It is quite different from the result in 2+1 dimension, where the production rate depends only on the gradient of the magnetic fields, not on the strength of the magnetic fields. It is also found that the production of neutral fermions through the Pauli interaction is a magnetic effect whereas the production of charged particles through minimal coupling is an electric effect.