Looking Beyond Inflationary Cosmology
Robert H. Brandenberger (McGill University)

TL;DR
This paper reviews the conceptual issues of inflationary cosmology, explores how string theory, especially String Gas Cosmology, might address these problems, and summarizes the fundamental principles of this approach.
Contribution
It introduces String Gas Cosmology as a promising framework to overcome conceptual challenges in inflationary models.
Findings
Identifies conceptual problems in scalar field inflation
Highlights potential of string theory to resolve these issues
Summarizes core principles of String Gas Cosmology
Abstract
In spite of the phenomenological successes of the inflationary universe scenario, the current realizations of inflation making use of scalar fields lead to serious conceptual problems which are reviewed in this lecture. String theory may provide an avenue towards addressing these problems. One particular approach to combining string theory and cosmology is String Gas Cosmology. The basic principles of this approach are summarized.
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