Phase Transitions Patterns in Relativistic and Nonrelativistic Multi-Scalar-Field Models

TL;DR

This paper compares phase transition behaviors in relativistic and nonrelativistic multi-scalar-field models, revealing that inverse symmetry breaking occurs only in relativistic models, while nonrelativistic models exhibit reentrant phases.

Contribution

It demonstrates that inverse symmetry breaking is absent in nonrelativistic models when considering temperature-dependent couplings, contrasting with relativistic models.

Findings

Inverse symmetry breaking occurs only in relativistic models.

Nonrelativistic models show reentrant phases at high temperatures.

Temperature effects on couplings do not alter phase patterns in relativistic models.

Abstract

We discuss the phenomena of symmetry non-restoration and inverse symmetry breaking in the context of multi-scalar field theories at finite temperatures and present its consequences for the relativistic Higgs-Kibble multi-field sector as well as for a nonrelativistic model of hard core spheres. For relativistic scalar field models, it has been shown previously that temperature effects on the couplings do not alter, qualitatively, the phase transition pattern. Here, we show that for the nonrelativistic analogue of these models inverse symmetry breaking, as well as symmetry non-restoration, cannot take place, at high temperatures, when the temperature dependence of the two-body couplings is considered. However, the temperature behavior in the nonrelativistic models allows for the appearance of reentrant phases.