Duality and confinement in D=3 models driven by condensation of topological defects

TL;DR

This paper investigates how duality relates to confinement phenomena in three-dimensional models caused by topological defect condensation, demonstrating that static charges are confined through a linear potential.

Contribution

It provides a detailed analysis of the confinement mechanism in 3D models via topological defect condensation, highlighting the role of duality and using gauge-invariant variables.

Findings

Confinement occurs in both dual models due to topological defect condensation.

The static potential exhibits a linear term indicating confinement.

Duality relates the confinement phenomena across different model descriptions.

Abstract

We study the interplay of duality and confinement in certain three-dimensional models induced by the condensation of topological defects. To this end we check for the confinement phenomenon, in both sides of the duality, using the static quantum potential within the framework of the gauge-invariant but path-dependent variables formalism. Our calculations show that the interaction energy contains a linear term leading to the confinement of static probe charges.