Cosmic holographic bounds with UV and IR cutoffs

TL;DR

This paper develops a framework of cosmic holographic bounds incorporating UV and IR cutoffs to unify descriptions of inflation and dark energy, linking quantum fluctuations with classical and dark energy phenomena.

Contribution

It introduces a dual UV-IR cutoff holographic model that connects quantum inflation fluctuations with dark energy dynamics, extending holographic bounds to cosmological scales.

Findings

Hubble entropy bound aligns with entanglement entropy.

Hubble temperature bound constrains slow-roll inflation.

Dark energy holographic density relates to future event horizon.

Abstract

We introduce the cosmic holographic bounds with two UV and IR cutoff scales, to deal with both the inflationary universe in the past and dark energy in the future. To describe quantum fluctuations of inflation on sub-horizon scales, we use the Bekenstein-Hawking energy bound. However, it is not justified that the D-bound is satisfied with the coarse-grained entropy. The Hubble bounds are introduced for classical fluctuations of inflation on super-horizon scales. It turns out that the Hubble entropy bound is satisfied with the entanglement entropy and the Hubble temperature bound leads to a condition for the slow-roll inflation. In order to describe the dark energy, we introduce the holographic energy density which is the one saturating the Bekenstein-Hawking energy bound for a weakly gravitating system. Here the UV (IR) cutoff is given by the Planck scale (future event horizon), respectively. As a result, we find the close connection between quantum and classical fluctuations of inflation, and dark energy.