E_{11} origin of Brane charges and U-duality multiplets

TL;DR

This paper derives equations for decomposing G^{+++} brane charge multiplets during dimensional reduction, confirming the eleven-dimensional origin of U-duality multiplets and explaining the emergence of 'mysterious' brane charges.

Contribution

It provides a systematic derivation of brane charge decompositions in G^{+++} theories, linking eleven-dimensional origins to U-duality multiplets and clarifying the nature of exotic brane charges.

Findings

Agreement with known U-duality brane charge multiplets

Identification of eleven-dimensional origin for mysterious brane charges

Analysis of brane charges in nine dimensions from IIA and IIB theories

Abstract

We derive general equations which determine the decomposition of the G^{+++} multiplet of brane charges into the sub-algebras that arise when the non-linearly realised G^{+++} theory is dimensionally reduced on a torus. We apply this to calculate the low level E_8 multiplets of brane charges that arise when the E_{8}^{+++}, or E_{11}, non-linearly realised theory is dimensionally reduced to three dimensions on an eight dimensional torus. We find precise agreement with the U-duality multiplet of brane charges previously calculated, thus providing a natural eleven dimensional origin for the "mysterious" brane charges found that do not occur as central charges in the supersymmetry algebra. We also discuss the brane charges in nine dimensions and how they arise from the IIA and IIB theories.