Torsion cycles as non-local magnetic sources in non-orientable spaces

TL;DR

This paper explains how non-orientable spaces can exhibit apparent magnetic charges through torsion cycles, revealing a topological origin of magnetic phenomena without actual sources.

Contribution

It demonstrates that torsion cycles in non-orientable spaces can account for magnetic effects traditionally attributed to sources, linking topology to magnetic phenomena.

Findings

Non-orientable spaces can have net magnetic charge without sources.

Torsion cycles in homology explain magnetic effects in such spaces.

Topological features influence magnetic properties in non-orientable geometries.

Abstract

Non-orientable spaces can appear to carry net magnetic charge, even in the absence of magnetic sources. It is shown that this effect can be understood as a physical manifestation of the existence of torsion cycles of codimension one in the homology of space.