Emergence of a 4D World from Causal Quantum Gravity

TL;DR

This paper demonstrates that a four-dimensional universe naturally emerges from causal dynamical triangulations in quantum gravity, providing a nonperturbative, background-independent approach that aligns with observed macroscopic dimensions.

Contribution

It provides evidence that a realistic 4D universe can emerge dynamically from causal quantum gravity without assuming a fixed background geometry.

Findings

A 4D spacetime emerges from the quantum gravity model.

The approach is background-independent and nonperturbative.

Supports the viability of causal dynamical triangulations in quantum gravity.

Abstract

Causal Dynamical Triangulations in four dimensions provide a background-independent definition of the sum over geometries in nonperturbative quantum gravity, with a positive cosmological constant. We present evidence that a macroscopic four-dimensional world emerges from this theory dynamically.